Thiamine Mononitrate

Last reviewed October 19, 2026

In plain words: Thiamine mononitrate is a stable salt form of vitamin B1 used to enrich flour and dry mixes. The nitrate is the salt partner of the vitamin, not a nitrate preservative.

What the evidence review says

Thiamine mononitrate is a stable form of vitamin B1 used to enrich flour. We found no notable concern at fortification levels; extra vitamin is passed in urine. The 'nitrate' is part of the salt, not a meat-curing nitrate.

No notable concern at food-fortification levels. Oral thiamine has very low toxicity, absorption is limited as the dose rises, and extra vitamin is excreted in urine. A numerical European upper level was not set because adverse effects were not defined, not because a hazard was found. Rare sensitivity reactions have mostly followed injection or skin exposure rather than fortified food. The nitrate portion of the salt, at the milligram amounts used to enrich flour, is not comparable to nitrate curing salts.

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This page is for general education. It is not medical advice and does not replace advice from your doctor, pediatrician, allergist or registered dietitian. Research changes; we review these pages when new evidence or rules come out. Last reviewed October 19, 2026.