Pectin (E 440)

Last reviewed October 19, 2026

In plain words: Pectin (E 440) is a soluble fiber from plant cell walls, produced commercially from citrus peel, apple pomace or beet pulp. It is the gelling agent in jams and jellies.

What the evidence review says

Pectin is a fiber from fruit, best known as the gelling agent in jam. EFSA found no sign of genotoxicity, no adverse effects in a long-term rat study, and no need for a numerical daily intake limit. Very high amounts were linked with gas and bloating in some people, which EFSA called undesirable but not adverse.

No notable safety concern at reported food uses. EFSA found no indication of genotoxicity, no adverse effects in a chronic rat study at the highest dose tested, and no need for a numerical ADI. In a study of very high pectin intake in people, some had gas and abdominal distension; the Panel called those effects undesirable but not adverse.

• Source: EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS), EFSA J, 2017 · doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4866

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This page is for general education. It is not medical advice and does not replace advice from your doctor, pediatrician, allergist or registered dietitian. Research changes; we review these pages when new evidence or rules come out. Last reviewed October 19, 2026.